Search results for: L. Dickson

Items from 1 to 20 out of 144 results

article

Toward a consensus nomenclature for ghrelin, its non‐acylated form, liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 and growth hormone secretagogue receptor

Mario Perelló, Suzanne L. Dickson, Jeffrey M. Zigman, Lorenzo Leggio, more

Journal of Neuroendocrinology > 35 > 1 > n/a - n/a

The stomach‐derived octanoylated peptide ghrelin was discovered in 1999 and recognized as an endogenous agonist of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Subsequently, ghrelin has been shown to play key roles in controlling not only growth hormone secretion, but also a variety of other physiological functions including, but not limited to, food intake, reward‐related behaviors, glucose homeostasis...

article

Acute sleep loss alters circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans: A randomised crossover trial

Luiz Eduardo Mateus Brandão, Daniel Espes, Jakub Orzechowski Westholm, Teemu Martikainen, more

Journal of Sleep Research > 31 > 2 > n/a - n/a

The hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) modulates tissue metabolism and circulates at higher levels in metabolic conditions associated with chronic sleep–wake disruption, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. In the present study, we investigated whether acute sleep loss impacts circulating levels of FGF21 and tissue‐specific production, and response pathways linked to FGF21. A total of 15...

article

A skeleton in the cupboard in ghrelin research: Where are the skinny dwarfs?

Fiona Peris‐Sampedro, Marie V. Le May, Iris Stoltenborg, Erik Schéle, more

Journal of Neuroendocrinology > 33 > 11 > n/a - n/a

Based on studies delivering ghrelin or ghrelin receptor agonists, we have learned a great deal about the importance of the brain ghrelin signalling system for a wide range of physiological processes that include feeding behaviours, growth hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis. Because these processes can be considered as essential to life, the question arises as to why mouse models of depleted...

article

The gravitostat protects diet‐induced obese rats against fat accumulation and weight gain

Tina Bake, Fiona Peris‐Sampedro, Zita Wáczek, Claes Ohlsson, more

Journal of Neuroendocrinology > 33 > 8 > n/a - n/a

The gravitostat is a novel homeostatic body weight‐regulating mechanism, mostly studied in mice, and recently confirmed in obese humans. In the present study, we explored the effect of weight loading on metabolic outcomes, meal patterns and parameters linked to energy expenditure in both obese and lean rats. Diet‐induced obese (DIO) and lean rats were implanted with capsules weighing either 15% of...

article

Zona incerta neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area promote action initiation towards feeding

Kathy C.G. Git, Esther M. Hazelhoff, Minke H.C. Nota, Erik Schele, more

The Journal of Physiology > 599 > 2 > 709 - 724

Key points The zona incerta (ZI) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are brain areas that are both implicated in feeding behaviour. The ZI projects to the VTA, although it has not yet been investigated whether this projection regulates feeding. We experimentally (in)activated the ZI to VTA projection by using dual viral vector technology, and studied the effects on feeding microstructure, the willingness...

article

Effects of burning and mowing on the soil microbiome of restored tallgrass prairie

Lifeng Zhu, Timothy L. Dickson, Zheng Zhang, Ashlee Dere, more

European Journal of Soil Science > 72 > 1 > 385 - 399

Understanding soil microbiome responses to different land‐management strategies provides insights into tallgrass prairie restoration. However, few studies have examined these interactions. We addressed this issue by surveying samples from the University of Nebraska at Omaha's Glacier Creek Preserve, where a long‐term burn experiment was established in 1982, with the mow treatments incorporated in...

article

Ghrelin Receptor Stimulation of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus in Rats Increases Food Intake but not Food Motivation

Tina Bake, Marie V. Le May, Christian E. Edvardsson, Heike Vogel, more

Obesity > 28 > 8 > 1503 - 1511

Objective The lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) in the brainstem has emerged as a key area involved in feeding control that is targeted by several circulating anorexigenic hormones. Here, the objective was to determine whether the lPBN is also a relevant site for the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, inspired by studies in mice and rats showing that there is an abundance of ghrelin receptors in this...

article

Activation of the rat hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus by food anticipation, food restriction or ghrelin administration

Marie V. Le May, Catherine Hume, Nancy Sabatier, Erik Schéle, more

Journal of Neuroendocrinology > 31 > 7 > n/a - n/a

The circulating orexigenic hormone ghrelin targets many brain areas involved in feeding control and signals via a dedicated receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A. One unexplored target area for ghrelin is the supramammillary nucleus (SuM), a hypothalamic area involved in motivation and reinforcement and also recently linked to metabolic control. Given that ghrelin binds to the SuM,...

article

Ghrelin's effects on food motivation in rats are not limited to palatable foods

Tina Bake, Christian E. Edvardsson, Cameron J. Cummings, Suzanne L. Dickson

Journal of Neuroendocrinology > 31 > 7 > n/a - n/a

The “hunger” hormone, ghrelin, is powerfully orexigenic. Even in the absence of hunger, ghrelin delivery to rats increases consumption of chow, as well as palatable foods, and increases motivated behaviour for palatable food rewards. Inspired by the finding that ghrelin increases the selection of chow in rats offered a choice diet (lard, sucrose or chow) and even in rats bingeing on a high‐fat diet,...

article

Relative Impact of Pain and Fatigue on Work Productivity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis from the RA-BEAM Baricitinib Trial

Kaleb Michaud, Janet E. Pope, Paul Emery, Baojin Zhu, more

Rheumatology and Therapy > 2019 > 6 > 3 > 409-419

Introduction To explore the relationship of pain and fatigue with daily activity and work productivity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from the baricitinib clinical trial, RA-BEAM. Methods In RA-BEAM, a double-blind phase 3 study, patients were randomized 3:3:2 to placebo (n = 488), baricitinib 4 mg once daily (n = 487), or adalimumab 40 mg biweekly (n = 330) with background methotrexate....

article

Sexual quality of life after the treatment of gynecologic cancer: what women want

J. L. Hubbs, E. L. Dickson Michelson, R. I. Vogel, C. L. Rivard, more

Supportive Care in Cancer > 2019 > 27 > 12 > 4649-4654

Purpose While the incidence of sexual dysfunction after treatment for gynecologic malignancies is well documented, few studies describe how patients want healthcare providers to address these concerns. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in sexual function and describe patient preferences regarding healthcare provider roles in addressing and treating sexual dysfunction in gynecologic...

article

The occurrence of cardiac abnormalities in canine steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis

S. Spence, A. French, J. Penderis, L. Macfarlane, more

Journal of Small Animal Practice > 60 > 4 > 204 - 211

Objectives To document the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in dogs with steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis and to assess resolution of these abnormalities following corticosteroid therapy. Materials and Methods Steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis was diagnosed based on signalment, physical examination findings, complete blood count, biochemistry and CSF analysis. Echocardiography,...

article

Impact of Free‐Choice Diets High in Fat and Different Sugars on Metabolic Outcome and Anxiety‐Like Behavior in Rats

Fiona Peris‐Sampedro, Myriam Mounib, Erik Schéle, Christian E. Edvardsson, more

Obesity > 27 > 3 > 409 - 419

Objective Rats were exposed to free‐choice diets (fat plus one of two different sugar solutions, glucose or sucrose), and the metabolic consequences and impact on locomotor activity and anxiety‐like behavior were explored. Methods For 3 weeks, 7‐week‐old male rats were offered either chow only or free‐choice high‐fat diets differing in their added sugar: no sugar, sucrose, or glucose. In a second...

article

Divergent Metabolic Effects of Acute Versus Chronic Repeated Forced Swim Stress in the Rat

Cristina Rabasa, Kaisa Askevik, Erik Schéle, Min Hu, more

Obesity > 27 > 3 > 427 - 433

Objective This study sought to examine divergence regarding the impact of acute versus chronic repeated stress on energy balance. Methods Rats were exposed to either chronic repeated forced swim (FS) stress for 7 days or an acute stress (a single FS). Body weight and food intake were measured daily. Metabolic parameters explored included brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight and activity. Results...

article

The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients

Triinu Peters, Jochen Antel, Manuel Föcker, Simon Esber, more

European Eating Disorders Review > 26 > 6 > 618 - 628

Leptin is essential for the control of energy homeostasis and eating behaviour. We investigated potential associations between serum leptin levels and food addiction in adolescent psychiatric inpatients (n = 228). The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders. More than three quarters of the study group suffered from more than one psychiatric...

article

Emergency Medical Services Simple Thoracostomy for Traumatic Cardiac Arrest: Postimplementation Experience in a Ground-based Suburban/Rural Emergency Medical Services Agency

Robert L. Dickson, Guy Gleisberg, Michael Aiken, Kevin Crocker, more

The Journal of Emergency Medicine > 2018 > 55 > 3 > 366-371

Tube thoracostomy has long been the standard of care for treatment of tension pneumothorax in the hospital setting yet is uncommon in prehospital care apart from helicopter emergency medical services.We aimed to evaluate the performance of simple thoracostomy (ST) for patients with traumatic cardiac arrest and suspected tension pneumothorax.We conducted a retrospective case series of consecutive patients...

article

Microbiota in obesity: interactions with enteroendocrine, immune and central nervous systems

R. J. Mulders, K. C. G. Git, E. Schéle, S. L. Dickson, more

Obesity Reviews > 19 > 4 > 435 - 451

Western diets, with high consumption of simple sugars and saturated fats, contribute to the rise in the prevalence of obesity. It now seems clear that high‐fat diets cause obesity, at least in part, by modifying the composition and function of the microorganisms that colonize in the gastrointestinal tract, the microbiota. The exact pathways by which intestinal microbiota contribute to obesity remain...

article

Next-generation, personalised, model-based critical care medicine: a state-of-the art review of in silico virtual patient models, methods, and cohorts, and how to validation them

J. Geoffrey Chase, Jean-Charles Preiser, Jennifer L. Dickson, Antoine Pironet, more

BioMedical Engineering OnLine > 2018 > 17 > 1 > 1-29

Critical care, like many healthcare areas, is under a dual assault from significantly increasing demographic and economic pressures. Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are highly variable in response to treatment, and increasingly aging populations mean ICUs are under increasing demand and their cohorts are increasingly ill. Equally, patient expectations are growing, while the economic ability to...

article

Spine Patterning Is Guided by Segmentation of the Notochord Sheath

Susan Wopat, Jennifer Bagwell, Kaelyn D. Sumigray, Amy L. Dickson, more

Cell Reports > 2018 > 22 > 8 > 2026-2038

The spine is a segmented axial structure made of alternating vertebral bodies (centra) and intervertebral discs (IVDs) assembled around the notochord. Here, we show that, prior to centra formation, the outer epithelial cell layer of the zebrafish notochord, the sheath, segments into alternating domains corresponding to the prospective centra and IVD areas. This process occurs sequentially in an anteroposterior...

article

Tension Creates an Endoreplication Wavefront that Leads Regeneration of Epicardial Tissue

Jingli Cao, Jinhu Wang, Christopher P. Jackman, Amanda H. Cox, more

Developmental Cell > 2017 > 42 > 6 > 600-615.e4

Mechanisms that control cell-cycle dynamics during tissue regeneration require elucidation. Here we find in zebrafish that regeneration of the epicardium, the mesothelial covering of the heart, is mediated by two phenotypically distinct epicardial cell subpopulations. These include a front of large, multinucleate leader cells, trailed by follower cells that divide to produce small, mononucleate daughters...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: L. Dickson

Toward a consensus nomenclature for ghrelin, its non‐acylated form, liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 and growth hormone secretagogue receptor

Acute sleep loss alters circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans: A randomised crossover trial

A skeleton in the cupboard in ghrelin research: Where are the skinny dwarfs?

The gravitostat protects diet‐induced obese rats against fat accumulation and weight gain

Zona incerta neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area promote action initiation towards feeding

Effects of burning and mowing on the soil microbiome of restored tallgrass prairie

Ghrelin Receptor Stimulation of the Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus in Rats Increases Food Intake but not Food Motivation

Activation of the rat hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus by food anticipation, food restriction or ghrelin administration

Ghrelin's effects on food motivation in rats are not limited to palatable foods

Relative Impact of Pain and Fatigue on Work Productivity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis from the RA-BEAM Baricitinib Trial

Sexual quality of life after the treatment of gynecologic cancer: what women want

The occurrence of cardiac abnormalities in canine steroid‐responsive meningitis arteritis

Impact of Free‐Choice Diets High in Fat and Different Sugars on Metabolic Outcome and Anxiety‐Like Behavior in Rats

Divergent Metabolic Effects of Acute Versus Chronic Repeated Forced Swim Stress in the Rat

The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients

Emergency Medical Services Simple Thoracostomy for Traumatic Cardiac Arrest: Postimplementation Experience in a Ground-based Suburban/Rural Emergency Medical Services Agency

Microbiota in obesity: interactions with enteroendocrine, immune and central nervous systems

Next-generation, personalised, model-based critical care medicine: a state-of-the art review of in silico virtual patient models, methods, and cohorts, and how to validation them

Spine Patterning Is Guided by Segmentation of the Notochord Sheath

Tension Creates an Endoreplication Wavefront that Leads Regeneration of Epicardial Tissue

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