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Purpose The present research was conducted with the objective of exploring the vermicomposting process, which involves different stages such as building of a vermicompost station; import of a compost earthworm (Eisenia foetida); and production of vermicompost using dry grass clippings, rice straw and cow manure. The vermicompost produced can be of significant value to the end users like farmers for...
Semiconductor aging is a serious threat to the reliability of a system. We address the aging level of semiconductor components by describing the degree of semiconductor aging under certain operating conditions, including voltage, frequency, temperature, and usage rate. Aging level information can be used to follow the real aging rate of a device, predict the remaining life, and control the device...
Modern automobiles house many ECUs (Electronic Control Units), which are connected through VCNs (Vehicle Control Networks). Typically, integrated circuits are tested for structural defects, which could occur during fabrication. In general, vehicular ECUs are tested for functional operation. However, due to vibrations, high temperature, etc., defects might be developed in ICs. This work presents a...
The scan PUF, which is based-on the power-up states of scan flip-flops, had been proposed to overcome security issues of semiconductor ICs. IC identification, one of those security issues, requires decent uniqueness along with reliability and randomness. This paper presents two efficient PUF elements' selection methods for scan PUF: uniqueunanimous selection method and unique-majority selection method...
The semiconductor aging is one of the serious threats for the reliability of the system. This paper presents an efficient mechanism for predicting the aging effect. The captured data will be unloaded by shift operation, then verified through the aging monitoring operation. Especially the aging level of automotive semiconductor devices can be estimated by controlling the capture timing. Since the aging...
In order to improve the carbonaceous phase content in sewage sludge derived adsorbents, dewatered sludge was physically mixed with polystyrene sulfonic acid-co maleic acid sodium salt with the following ratios of polymer to sludge: 10:90, 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30. The samples, along with the pure precursors, were carbonized at 950°C and then washed in water to remove the excess of sodium salt/hydroxide...
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