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Recent studies have led to significant improvements in the prediction of particulate matter (PM) emissions from gasoline vehicles based on differences in fuel composition. This is an issue that has taken on increased importance recently given the introduction of gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology to improve fuel economy and the challenges it has meeting new stringent PM emissions standards...
Sooting tendencies have been measured for 29 compounds with 5 carbon atoms and different oxygen contents, along with 12 additional oxygenated pure compounds and 10 blends of commercial fuels. The test compounds include alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, keto-esters and hydroxy-esters. The Threshold Sooting Index (TSI), as defined and used in the literature, was primarily used to...
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