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RPE65 is essential for the biosynthesis of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin. Here, we show that the membrane-associated form (mRPE65) is triply palmitoylated and is a chaperone for all-trans-retinyl esters, allowing their entry into the visual cycle for processing into 11-cis-retinal. The soluble form of RPE65 (sRPE65) is not palmitoylated and is a chaperone for vitamin A, rather than...
CYP3A9 is an estrogen-inducible ortholog of human liver CYP3A4 with 76.5% sequence identity to CYP3A4. Unlike CYP3A4, it is a very poor testosterone 6β- and 2β-hydroxylase, but a relatively better catalyst of progesterone monohydroxylation largely at 6β, 16α, and 21 positions with negligible 6β, 21-dihydroxylation. We reasoned that such differences in substrate catalyses must be due to differences...
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