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Partial shading on a photovoltaic (PV) module is known to trigger serious issues of significant reduction in power generation and occurrence of multiple power point maxima. Among various kinds of voltage equalizers that have been proposed to preclude the partial shading issues, switched capacitor converters (SCCs) are known as a simple and small solution. To achieve even smaller circuit at lower cost,...
In this paper a detailed description of the design and simulation of a DC ultra-fast recharging station for Electric Vehicles is carried out. The system consist of a single AC/DC grid connected inverter, a DC-Bus and two DC/DC converter to recharge the batteries of the EVs. The system also has the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capability. The design of the components of the system and the control schemes...
Existing control strategies of modular multilevel converter (MMC) have many drawbacks, such as need of several parameter controllers, complex parameter tuning and huge computational burden. This paper proposes a novel control method based on the hybrid architecture of proportional integral (PI) control and model predictive control (MPC). The PI controller is used as external controllers to control...
Performance analysis and output voltage regulation of a cascaded step-up switched-capacitor converter (SCC) under zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition is analyzed in this paper. The ZVS condition (converter operation above its resonant frequency) provides 1) zero-voltage switching, which leads to a relatively higher efficiency compared to zero current switching (ZCS) under the resonant frequency...
In this paper, a cost-effective and reliable equivalent series resistance (ESR) estimation method for aluminium electrolytic capacitors used as DC-link capacitors in front-end rectifier fed inverters is proposed. The proposed method is based on the extraction of switching frequency components of DC-link voltage and current using band-pass filters. A limiting value of switching frequency is identified,...
This paper discusses a MHz isolated HV/LV DC-DC converter for automotive applications. The proposed circuit is constructed with a low cost structure by using multitransformer and Si-MOSFETs to achieve frequency multiplying. Three circuit configurations namely, cascaded-type, parallel-type and cascaded-parallel-type, are considered and discussed. Fundamental control and switching behaviors are explained...
High voltage and wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices like the 15 kV SiC MOSFET have attracted a lot of attention because of their potential applications in high voltage and high power converters. However, they are not commercially available at present and their high cost might be a hindrance to their widespread adoption in future. To address the commercial unavailability and the high cost issues...
Recently, the medium frequency power electronic traction transformer (PETT) has received increased attention in the rail transit applications due to its small size, light weight, more space availability for passengers, multiple interfaces and other additional functionalities. However, the switching frequency is limited by the thermal tolerance of semiconductors which deteriorate as the switching frequency...
A novel modulation technique for single phase grid-tied inverter is proposed in this paper. In normal discontinuous current mode (DCM) operation, the output current becomes distorted due to the resonant between parasitic output capacitors of switching devices and inductor during zero current periods if no current control method is applied. This low frequency distortion can be improved in the boundary...
This paper introduces a three-phase grid-connected inverter for commercial-scale photovoltaic systems. The circuit topology combines an electrolytic-capacitor-less and ac-inductor-less active bridge with a parallel-connected PWM inverter acting as an instantaneous reactive power compensator. The active bridge, called a 120°-conduction inverter, operates at the switching frequency equal to the grid...
Improving the power density of a power converter has many benefits for systems integration. Aspects such as thermal management, weight, conformation to mounting locations, and the footprint of the converter all become critical factors as systems continue to scale down in size. The flying-capacitor multilevel (FCML) converter topology is of interest because it has characteristics which contribute to...
Single stage power factor corrected (SSPFC) AC-DC converters are attractive in particular applications because they are less expensive than conventional two-stage converters. One of the main drawbacks of SSPFC converters, however, is that their intermediate DC bus voltage varies considerably when used in universal voltage range applications. A new method for reducing the DC bus voltage variation for...
A high-performance DC-DC converter is presented to improve the efficiency and modularity of the vehicular power system. The converter is capable of bidirectional power transfer between the isolated voltage sources. GaN semiconductor switches in the converter turn on and off softly by utilizing the energy stored in the leakage inductance of a transformer. A quasi-resonant operation is also explained...
Boost type converters are commonly used as pre-regulators in applications such as photovoltaics, battery storage, and power factor correction. Normally, non-isolated step-up conversion is done using traditional hard-switching boost topologies, but these suffer from low efficiency due to hard switching transitions. Soft-switching boost topologies present an opportunity to increase switching frequency...
Industrial applications, e.g. semiconductor manufacturing equipment, require power amplifiers providing high power with high precision and bandwidth. Due to limitations in system infrastructure, increasing voltage is favorable to increasing current to generate more output power. This research presents a 5-level Flying Capacitor Resonant Pole Inverter (FC RPI) configuration that delivers high output...
Resonant filters can be beneficial for significant reduction of the filter size in buck converters. Compared to the conventional low-pass filter, the resonant filters can be designed to provide high attenuation to the ripple components near the pulse width modulation (PWM) switching frequency resulting in much smaller filter components. In traditional resonant filter, the high attenuation at a specific...
The Class E dc-dc converter, operating with the switching frequency up to multi-megahertz, is usually regulated by the basic ON-OFF control. In this paper, it is found that in the basic ON-OFF control, the resonant inductor current of the Class E dc-dc converter will be increase with the rise of the input voltage, which will enhance the output capacity of the converter and also increase the ON-OFF...
A hybrid modulation approach is proposed in this work, which allows to modulate the switches of the five level neutral point clamped inverter (5LANPC) with different switching frequencies. Some of the switches are controlled with a low switching frequency using six-step modulation and Optimized Pulse Patterns (OPPs), whereas the rest are modulated with a high switching frequency using Carrier-Based...
Advent of Modular multilevel converters (MMC) made the voltage sourced high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems a reality mainly due to its modular structure, scalability and reliability. For these converters, minimization of sub-module (SM) capacitor voltage spread without increasing the switching frequency is the biggest challenge as it directly affects the efficiency and cost. Moreover,...
High-speed permanent magnet motors (HSPMMs) have gained ever-increasing interests in high speed direct-drive applications due to their advantages of high-power density, small size and high efficiency. However, the low stator inductance of the HSPMM causes large current ripple in the stator current, therefore brings additional iron loss. The Modular multilevel converter (MMC) increases both voltage...
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