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The use of ground-sourced heat pumps as main heating systems has increased in Sweden in the last fifteen years to the point that it is the country with the highest amount of GSHP in Europe. Heat pumps are chosen by many households due to their economic savings value; In contrast, electricity prices in Sweden have almost doubled since 2006, threatening their economic benefits. It is therefore, essential...
This paper presents experiences from a pilot study focusing on daily demand response from households, utilizing smart metering, remote load control, pricing based on the hourly spot price combined with a time of day network tariff, and a token provided to the customers indicating peak hours. The observed demand response was 1 kWh/h for customers with standard electrical water heaters. By aggregating...
The network model bases upon the energy hub concept, which was developed by the Vision of Future Energy Networks” (VoFEN) research group at ETH Zurich in the last years. Keynote of the concept is a combined optimization of different energy carrier. Synergetic effects are expected to give unusual optimization results, when allowing any possible energy conversion inside a specific area that constitute...
Within the context of recent interest in `Smart Grids', this paper considers the possibility that domestic consumers could participate in demand side management. Price is one of the main concerns for domestic consumers, and hence Real Time Pricing (RTP) can have an influence on consumers with dispatchable generation such as micro combine heat and power (micro-CHP). These systems can reduce the annual...
When a number of muCHP systems are aggregated as a virtual power plant (VPP), they will be able to participate in the electricity wholesale market with no discrimination compared to conventional large power plants. Hence, this paper investigates the electricity export capability of the muCHP system when the electricity buyback price is given at a value equalizing the dynamic spot price. A muCHP system...
Increasing energy prices and the greenhouse effect lead to more awareness of energy efficiency of electricity supply. During the last years, a lot of domestic technologies have been developed to improve this efficiency. These technologies on their own already improve the efficiency, but more can be gained by a combined management. Multiple optimization objectives can be used to improve the efficiency,...
In the migration towards ICT-enabled power systems, smart metering plays a crucial role. Smart metering allows energy efficiency to be attained via price stimuli in different tariff schemes. An investigation of a case study for residential applications in Flanders shows that demand response allows substantial cost savings beyond the current double tariff rate. However, in the case for which distributed...
With the increasing application of distributed energy resources and information technologies in the electricity infrastructure, innovative possibilities for incorporating the demand side more actively in power system operation are enabled. At the residential level energy costs could be reduced with intelligent price-based control concepts (demand response). A promising, controllable, residential distributed...
This paper presents a daily load response model based on the day ahead spot market prices. It can simulate an optimal expense saving on electricity based on the assumption that the total consumption is not changed. A mathematic formulation is described for the load reduction in potential hours by judging whether the actual price is higher than a certain response price. The model computation can be...
Demand Side Management (DSM) methods are used by electrical utilities to modify their network loading profile and also to conserve energy during shortages. In New Zealand, residential heating/cooling is considered to be one major constituent of electrical demand for homes. This paper presents ideas for two aspects of DSM being implemented for residential loads. This is by increasing energy efficiency...
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