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From the point of view of producing material resources (fuel, heat, electricity) to economic development of country, rendering service, and its creating it is proper to consider the Fuel Energy Sector as solid strategic production and service sector with leading trends of development.
This paper presents a tool for the analysis of organic waste, developed by Hydro Quebec Institute of Research. The programme computes waste characterisation parameters and mass flow rates for conditioning of input waste, secondary treatment, drying of sludge, conditioning of digestate, treatment of digestate, storage of liquid and solid effluent, disposal of liquid and solid effluents, and purification,...
Aim at cost allocation problem of cogeneration plant products, the paper presents a new heat-electricity product cost allocation method named equivalent allocation method. In the method, the heat-electricity product cost is divided into Fixed Cost and Variable Cost. They are allocated respectively based on the unit type and the equivalent characteristic between heat product and electricity product...
The paper focuses on the importance of demand management and load control for the development of electric power system and the provision of electricity supply reliability. The potential of controllable loads in Russia is estimated including electric vehicle transport, climate systems, household, industrial and agricultural consumers. The potential and optimal volumes of perspective controllable loads...
In the present paper, authors presents a value-based comparative analysis between electrical thermal demand tracking modes of operations at the planning stage from owner's point of view. Worth of operational strategy is evaluated using maximization of net present value (NPV) of 6-bus meshed and 14-bus radial microgrids which are assessed from optimal deployment their DERs with respect to optimal locations,...
Planning of energy systems is confronted with dual pressures from economic development and environmental protection, and associated with various uncertainties. In this paper, an inexact energy system optimization model (IESOM) was developed, through integrating interval-parameter and mixed integer programming (IMILP) within an energy systems management framework. IESOM would minimize the total cost...
In this study market opportunities for very smallscale (1-2kWe) micro-CHP (=muCHP) units in domestic dwellings in Flanders (Belgium) were explored. From all available muCHP technologies, the Stirling-based units seem the only ones to be very close to commercial market introduction, followed by (O)RC based units. With the scope limited to 5 years ahead, the total market potential has been estimated...
The economic evaluation of the microgrids is still challenging. This paper presents a methodology to design the number and capacity for each piece of equipment (e.g. gas engines, batteries, thermal storage tanks) in a microgrid with combined heat and power (CHP) system. In the methodology, annual cost is minimized by considering the partial load efficiency of a gas engine and its scale economy, and...
Electrical heat tracing is clearly competitive with steam tracing for most applications on the basis of relative economics. Electrical heat tracing systems can be easier than steam tracing to engineer, less expensive to install, and less expensive to operate and maintain. Self-limiting electrical systems have a special feature of safety for hazardous (classified) areas wherein their surface temperatures...
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